质心坐标系在物理学中的应用研究

The application of the center of mass coordinates to the physics

应用质心坐标系研究了经典粒子两体散射的最大散射角 ,以α粒子被金箔散射为例 ,讨论了微分散射截面在质心坐标系和实验室坐标系中的偏差随散射角的变化规律。将质心坐标系应用于激子这类准粒子相互作用问题 ,对半导体低边光吸收现象给予解释。结果表明 :用质心坐标系无论是处理经典粒子散射还是处理准粒子相互作用都是十分方便的。

Binary collision maximum scattering angle of classical particle is studied with center-of-mass coordinates. With the example of the particle scattering,the variation of the deviation of the differential scattering cross-section with the scattering angle is discussed in the center-of-mass coordinates and the laboratory coordinates . center-of-mass coordinates are applied to solve the problems about the interaction of quasi-particles such as the excitons and explain the phenomenon of the low marginal absorption of light in the semiconductors. The results show that solving the problems with the center-of-mass coordinates is convenient to the classical particle scattering, the microparticle scattering and the quasi-particles interaction.