肺癌侵犯肺动脉干CT、MRI表现、病理基础及其对手术治疗的价值

CT and MRI findings of cancerous invasion of the main pulmonary artery in lung cancer: the correlation with pathologic features and the value in making surgical plan

目的 研究肺癌侵犯肺动脉干 (cancerousinvasionofthemainpulmonaryartery ,CIMPA)CT、MRI征象的病理基础及对手术治疗的价值。方法 研究对象为中央型肺癌 2 3例 (螺旋CT 15例 ,MRI 13例 )。观察和分析其CT、MRI征象 ,并与手术 /病理发现作前瞻性盲法对照研究。结果 本组 2 3例肺癌CIMPA的CT/MRI征象为 :管壁增厚征 (CT 73 .7% ,MRI 84.6% ) ,管腔缩窄征 (CT 5 5 .3 % ,MRI 69.2 % )及管周脂肪征 (CT及MRI均为 10 0 .0 % )。依肿块与血管的密切关系分为 :相贴型 (CT 10例 ,MRI 7例 ) ,即肿块与血管相贴小于 180° ,无或轻度管腔狭窄 ;包埋型 (CT 5例 ,MRI 6例 ) ,即血管被包埋大于 180° ,伴中至重度缩窄。手术发现相贴型 10例 ,全部行肺叶切除并血管成型术。包埋型 13例 ,7例全肺切除 ,4例肺叶切除并血管成型术 ,2例未切除。 2 1例切除标本镜下观察 :癌肿侵犯肺动脉外膜 10 0 .0 % ( 2 1例 )、中膜 66.7% ( 14例 )、内膜 4.8% ( 1例 )。相贴及包埋两型在癌肿浸润肺动脉深度上无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;所有标本均显示急性或慢性炎性组织增生。CT、MRI与病理分型一致性好 (Kappa值各为 0 .61、0 .84)。 结论 本组肺癌CIMPA的CT、MRI特征为肿块相贴或包埋血管 ,致管壁增厚及管腔缩窄但无闭塞 。

Objective To study the correlation between CT/MRI features and surgical and pathological findings of cancerous invasion of the main pulmonary artery (CIMPA) in lung cancer and to evaluate the role of CT and MRI in making surgical plan. Methods CT findings in 15 cases and MRI findings in 13 cases were observed and blindly compared with surgical and pathological findings in this prospective study of 23 cases of central type lung cancer. Results The CT and MRI features showed as follows: the wall thickening sign in 73.7% of CT and 84.6% of MRI; lumen narrowing sign in 55.3% of CT and 69.2% of MRI; peri vascular fat sign in 100.0% of both CT and MRI. Two types of CIMPA were visualized: contacted type (10 cases in CT and 7 cases in MRI) and encased type (5 cases in CT and 6 cases in MRI). Surgically, contacted type was found in 10 cases who all underwent lobectomy with sleeve angioplasty. Encased type was found in 13 cases, among whom unresectable in 2, pneumonectomy in 7, and lobectomy with angioplasty in 4. Of the 21 resected specimen, the cancerous infiltration was demonstrated 100.0% (21/21) in adventitia, 66.7% (14/21) in media and 4.8% (1/21) in intima. There was no significant difference in the deepness of the cancer infiltration between the two types (P>0.05). Acute or chronic inflammatory infiltration which enhanced the thickening of the wall were shown on all specimens. CT and MRI findings were well corresponding to surgical and pathological appearance (Kappa value = 0.61 in CT and 0.84 in MRI). Conclusion In our study of CIMPA, CT and MRI features characterized by wall thickening and lumen narrowing without occlusion are closely correlated with pathological findings that cancerous invasion prominently limited adventitia and media with remarkable proliferation of connective tissue, and classifying two types is valuable in making surgical plan.