轿车保险杠低速碰撞试验研究

Investigation of Low Speed Impact Test for Car Bumpers

轿车在低速碰撞过程中经常造成人员的伤害 .为了准确评估这种伤害的严重性和保险杠的耐撞性 ,根据 SAE J2 31 9标准建立了用于评估轿车保险杠低速碰撞性能的摆锤式碰撞试验装置和相应的数据采集系统 .采用一种新的摆锤对固定保险杠碰撞的简化试验方法 ,运用等效能量法分析和推导了对固定安装保险杠碰撞试验的摆锤初始碰撞速度等效转换关系 .通过某型轿车保险杠低速碰撞过程的计算机仿真和试验研究 ,验证了摆锤低速碰撞试验的有效性 ;分析了影响仿真结果与试验结果一致性的主要原因 。

Injuries are often documented as occurring in low speed car collision. For accurate assessment of the severity of low speed car impact and bumper crashworthiness, a pendulum impact device and the corresponding data processing system in China were constructed in accordance with the SAE J2319 standard. In this paper, a simplified new test method of pendulum to fixed bumper impact was used, and the equivalent internal energy method was introduced for the deduction of the equivalent initial pendulum impact speed. Both low speed impact tests and computer simulation were conducted to a kind of domestic car bumpers. The main factors that may cause discrepancy between computer simulation and impact test were analyzed and the ways to reduce test error were discussed. The test results fit the simulation results well and validate the effectiveness of the pendulum low speed impact.