栉孔扇贝不同种群杂交效果的初步研究 Ⅰ.中国种群与俄罗斯种群的杂交

Studies on hybridization of the different geographic variety populations of Chlamys farreri I . Hybridization between Chinese population and Russian population of Chlamys farreri

对两个不同地理种群的栉孔扇贝的3个群体——俄罗斯种群(R)、中国种群野生群体(CW)和养殖群体(CC)及其3个杂交组合F1代生长发育各组合40～50只进行了3次测定比较研究.结果表明,在壳长、壳宽、壳高、活体重4个生长发育指标上均表现不同程度的杂种优势,2月龄时CW×R杂交效果最好;3月龄时3个杂交组合的杂种优势均较大,但差异不显著;4月龄时各杂交组合的杂种优势明显,尤其是活体重的杂种优势突出,以R×CC杂交效果最好;3个亲本群体各个性状的测定性能表现在2,3月龄以俄罗斯种群较好,4月龄以中国养殖群体较好.中国种群2月龄野生群体较养殖群体生长发育快,3月龄时其生长发育差异不显著,4月龄养殖群体生长发育快.

Three populations of two different geographic areas in Chtamys farreri from Russian and China and the F1 hybrids derived from Chinese wild population (CW) × Russian population (R) , Chinese cultural population (CC) × Russian population (R) , Russian population (R) × Chinese wild population (CW) , from each group 40 - 50 individuals were selected for the research on the growth characteristics. The three determined results indicate that there existed different extent heterosis (or hybrid vigour) for growth of shell height, shell length, shell thickness and live weight, and that growth of hybrid in CW × R has a stronger heterosis among the crosses at the end of second month, and no significant difference at the end of third month among the crosses, and growth of hybrid in R × CC has a stronger heterosis among the crosses at the end of fourth month, . Russian population can be recognized as excellent parent in growth at the first 3 months and Chines culture population is better at the end of fourth month; Chines wild population has a better growth than Chinese culture population at the second month and no significant difference at the end of third month, and reverses at the fourth month.