ST货车缓冲器弹簧的断裂分析

Fracture Analysis of ST Draft Gear Spring

以铁路ST型货车车钩缓冲器的弹簧为研究对象 ,对其在检验过程中出现的断裂问题进行了探讨和研究。首先采用经典理论设计计算得到应力解 ,然后对ST弹簧外簧建立有限元模型 ,计算获得大量数据 ,再对关键部位进行实际测量 ,得到试验数据 ,综合以上 3种方法得到的数据 ,对比分析推断出疲劳裂纹产生的原因。最后 ,从设计方法到加工工艺等各方面提出解决问题的方法。

In this article,the spring of ST draft gear is taken as object.The causes of the fracture in the testing are researched.First,the stress is calculated with the classical method,secondly,more stress datums are obtained with the finite element analysis,thirdly,the stresses are measured on the key points.Basing on the three data,the causes of the spring fracture are analyzed and concluded .Lastly,a few ideas to improve the fatigue strength of the spring are offered in the design and machining technology.