西晋贾后:八王之乱的罪魁祸首?

Was Empress Jia the ringleader of the Upheaval of the Eight Princes in the Western Jin Dynasty?

晋惠帝皇后贾南风 ,是西晋历史上一位颇受非议的人物 ,晚近史家和学人均将其作为女人干政、扰乱西晋政治和开启八王之乱的罪魁而大加贬斥 ,并因此把“八王之乱”的时间界定为从贾后开始执政的惠帝元康元年 (2 91 )到光熙元年 (3 0 6 ) ,长达 1 6年之久。实际上从惠帝元康元年 (2 91 )到永康元年 (3 0 0 )贾后执政这一段时间里 ,“朝野安静” ,“海内宴然” ,政局是稳定的 ,无甚“乱”可言。我们应摆脱“女人祸水”之类封建旧史观的束缚 ,对贾后实事求是地加以评价 ;“八王之乱”的时间也因此应从永康元年 (3 0 0 )四月开始算起 ,肇乱者是赵王伦 。

Jia Nanfeng,the empress of Emperor Hui of the Western Jin Dynasty,was a person who often brought blame from others in the history of the Western Jin Dynasty.Historians and scholars after the Western Jin Dynasty and the modern ones censured her for her intervening state affairs,disturbing the politics of the Western Jin Dynasty and being the ringleader of the Upheaval of the Eight Princes.and therefore,concluded that the Upheaval of the Eight Princes began in the first year of Yuan Kang(291) after Empress Jia's being in power and ended in the first year of Guang Xi(306),which lasted 16 years.In reality,during the period from the first year of Yuan Kang of Emperor Hui (291) to the first year of Yong Kang(300) when Empress Jia was in power,the political situation was stable.We should shake off the fetters of such old feudal conceptions of history as'women are the root of troubles' and evaluate Empress Jia in a realistic way.The Upheaval of the Eight Princes should therefore be regarded as beginning from the April of the first year of Yong Kang and the man who created the upheaval should be Zhao Wanglun instead of being Empress Jia.