浮床栽培植物生长特性的研究

Studies on the Growing Characteristics of Plants Grown in Floating Soilless Culture System

在不施肥条件下,利用富营养化鱼塘人工浮床无土栽培水稻(O.sativaL.)、香根草[Vetiveriazizanioides(L.)Nash]、美人蕉(CannaindicaL.)和水芋头[Colocasiaesculenta(L.)Schott].与陆地常规栽培相比,4种植物均能生长,其中水稻、美人蕉的生物量、株高、叶绿素含量、根系活力等变化较小,香根草的生物量下降明显,水芋头的根冠比失调、球茎产量下降,美人蕉可获得和陆栽相仿甚至更好的株型和生物量,表明水稻、美人蕉适宜在富营养化水体浮床无土栽培.

The growing characteristics between plant cultivation on artificial floating beds and conventional cultivation of four plants, including rice(O.sativa L.), vetiveria(Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash), canna(Canna indica L.) and taro(Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott), were compared. Under the condition of no fertilizing, those four plants could survive in soilless culture on floating beds. The biomass,plant height and chlorophyll content as well as the activity of root system( αNA) of rice and canna had no difference between floating beds and conventional cultivation, while the biomass of vetiveria decreased significantly. The ratio of root and aerial part of taro was abnormal and its production of corm decreased on artificial floating beds. The canna showed similar plant shape and biomass comparing with conventional cultivation. The result indicated that rice, vetiveria and canna suit to be cultivated on the floating beds above the eutrophic water. Canna is a kind of ideal landscape plant on floating beds.