HIV-1辅助受体的研究进展

Research Progress of HIV-1 Coreceptor-chemokine Receptor

综述了HIV辅助受体研究的新进展,特别是有关细胞嗜性、CXCR4在介导病毒进入细胞中的作用、gp120与CXCR4的作用区域、CCR5的结构及其在介导病毒进入细胞中的作用、gp120与CCR5的作用区域。人免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染细胞时,病毒先附着在细胞表面的CD4分子上,除CD4外,还需要辅助受体的帮助病毒才能进入细胞,其中两种主要的辅助受体是CXCR4和CCR5。通过对HIV辅助受体的研究可为研制抗艾滋病新药提供更多的理论依据。

The review is about research progress of HIV coreceptor-chemokine receptor, especially about tropism, fine definition of a conserved CCR5- and CXCR4-binding region on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein 120, the function of CXCR4 and CCR5 on viral entry. In addition to CD4, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires a coreceptor for entry into target cells. The two primary kinds of coreceptors are CXCR4 and CCR5.The chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5, members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, have been identified as the principal coreceptors for T cell line-tropic and macrophage-tropic HIV-1 isolates, respectively. Beyond providing new perspectives on fundamental aspects of HIV-1 transmission and pathogenesis, the coreceptors suggest new avenues for developing novel therapeutic and preventative strategies to combat the AIDS epidemic.