群落中克隆植物的重要性

Importance of Clonal Plants in Community

综述了群落水平上克隆植物的重要性 ,克隆植物的生态习性 ,克隆植物的竞争关系等方面的研究进展 ,并试图在克隆植物竞争关系的背景下 ,结合其生境状况 ,探讨植物克隆性与植物物种多样性的关系。克隆植物的等级系统 (基株 -分株系统 -分株 )使其具有克隆性所赋予的多样的生活史、资源利用以及空间占据方式。列举了克隆植物的特性及其在群落中的作用。这些例子表明 ,克隆性强烈地影响和制约着植物群落的空间格局与竞争关系。然而克隆性也能通过权衡活动性与局部持久性来缓解对物种共存的抑制。克隆植物具有在时空尺度上分株间相互调节的机制 ,直接体现在群落中小尺度 (个体与个体间 )与大尺度 (种群与种群间 )间的相互作用上。丰富了传统的竞争和生态位划分理论 ,为群落中物种共存提供了合理解释。因此克隆植物在群落中的出现拓宽了群落系统潜在机制的范围。

This paper reviews studies on importance of clonal plants at community\|level, habitat preference and competitive relations of clonal plants. The relation of plant species diversity to importance of clonal plants was concerned based on competitive relations and habitat conditions. The hierarchical (genet\|ramet system\|ramet) organization of clonal plants offers a variety of strategies in life history, resource use and space occupation that are specific to clonality. We present examples for clonal traits and their community level effects. These examples suggest that clonality imposes strong constraints on spatial pattern and competitive relations in plant community. However, clonality can also release constraints of species coexistence related to a trade\|off between mobility and local persistence. Clonal plants have internal (genet\|level) control mechanisms on a spatio\|temporal scale that present directly between the fine\|scale (i.e. individual to individual) and the large\|scale (i.e. population to population) interactions in a community. This scenario enriched classical competitive theory and niche partition theory, and provided evidences for species coexistence. Therefore, the presence of clonal species in a community widens the scope of potential mechanisms of community organization.