孕妇血铅和脐血铅含量水平对新生儿及婴儿神经行为发育的影响

The Level of Blood Lead and Navel Blood Lead in Pregnanl Women and Their Effects On Nervous Behavior Development of Neonatus and Infant

目的 :探讨孕妇血铅和脐血铅含量水平对新生儿及婴儿神经行为发育的影响。方法 :按标准选择 10 0例临产孕妇及所出生新生儿为研究对象 ,用日本岛津AA 6 80原子吸收分光光度计测孕妇末梢血铅及新生儿脐血铅含量 ,并按脐血铅水平分为低铅、中铅、高铅三组 ,并测定婴儿生后 3月、6月、9月、12月时血铅含量。用新生儿 2 0项神经行为测定方法及盖泽尔 (Gesell)婴儿发育量表对新生儿及婴儿不同阶段进行神经行为发育评价 ,并进行相应的统计学分析。结果 :①母血铅水平与脐血铅呈正相关 (相关系数r- 0 .90 96 ,P <0 .0 0 0 1) ,②婴儿生后 1年内血铅水平逐渐上升 ,经方差分析差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 0 1) ,③婴儿各阶段神经行为测定值在 0、3、6月 ,低、中、高铅三组间方差分析均有差异性 ,进一步两两比较Q检验差异有显著性 ,9、12月则无统计学意义。结论 :低水平宫内铅暴露对婴儿神经行为发育的影响在新生儿期即表现出来并持续存在 。

Objective: To investigate the level of blood lead in pregnant women and its effect on nervous behavior development of neonatus and infant. Methods:100 pregnant women of parturient and their new born were selected as study object. The content of peripheral blood lead and navel blood lead in pregnant women and neonates were measured by AA 680 atomic absorption spectrophotometer made in Japanese Daojin. Three groups of low level, middle level and high level were set up according the level of navel blood lead. Content of blood lead was measured after 3?6?9?12?month of newborn by 20 measured methods of nervous behavior and Gessll measured table. Results: The blood levels of lead in mothers and navel babies presented a positive relation (correlation coefficient r 0.9096 P <0.0001)during one year.(2)The level of blood lead in the infant raised gradually during one year after birth. There were significance different as analysis of variance( P <0.0001).(3) When the measured value of infant nervous behavior at varied stage during 0?3?6?months, there were different from each other with analysis of variance among low ,middle ,and high level groups.To further both compared there were significant different by Q test, there were, however, no statistic significance during 9 and 12 months. Conclusion: That low level intrauterine exposure to lead affects nervous behavior development,which occurs as soon as born and exists during infant.