荒漠化地区生态安全评价——以首都圈怀来县为例

Evaluation of Ecological Security in desertification region in Desertification Region in Huailai County

以怀来县为例,对生态脆弱的荒漠化地区的安全状况进行研究,提出了荒漠化地区生态安全评价的具体指标体系和构建原则,并采用数量化原理与方法,对各指标进行了具体量级划分,采用关联度分析方法,对指标的权重进行了确定,并提出了衡量生态安全程度的数量化指标生态安全系数及其计算方法。影响荒漠化地区生态安全程度的具体因素包括土壤、植被、水分和风力,根据指标因子主导性和可替代性原则,本研究提出替代性指标土壤有机质含量、植被盖度、降雨量和土壤粘粒含量为生态安全评价的具体指标,并对各个因子对生态安全影响程度进行了计算。根据生态安全系数将怀来县空间的生态安全状况落实到土地利用单元地快,采用GIS平台得到了怀来县的生态安全评价图。本研究成果可直接为目前国家重点环北京防沙治沙应急工程的实施提供科学依据,其研究方法可为区域生态安全评价借鉴。

The evaluation of ecological security is an important part of evaluation of territory resources, it is an important basic of synthetic management and utilization and macro control. By studying ecological brittle situation of desertification region which base on Huailai county, results show the ecological security evaluation index system and construct principle, divide groups of coefficient by adopting quantity principle and method, definite coefficient weight by using related degree analysis, and put forward security coefficient and calculated method which to measure ecological security. The factors, which affect ecological security, are soil, vegetation, moisture and wind power, and the study put forwards indexes to evaluate ecological safety according to magistral factors and replaceable regular such as organic matter of soil, percentage of plant coverage, rainfall and clayey content. Based on these, the effectiveness of every factor is calculated, and the ecological safety coefficient of the every landusing plot in Huailai county is worked out, and the ecological safe appraisement picture about Huailai county is painted by GIS technique. This research technique can refer to regional ecological safety evaluation.