基于侵蚀力学机制的流域土壤侵蚀模型研究——以长江三峡库区王家桥流域为例

Study on Watershed Soil Erosion Models Based on Erosion Mechanics Mechanism ——Taking Yangtze Rive Three Gorges Reservoir Area as an Example

根据王家桥流域观测资料及人工降雨实验成果,从侵蚀力学机制出发,严格区分了坡面侵蚀与流域侵蚀两个不同的概念,建立了坡面侵蚀模数和流域侵蚀模数。计算结果表明,流域内坡面侵蚀只占流域侵蚀模数的7.1%～11.7%,流域侵蚀物质主要来源于沟蚀、部分重力侵蚀。因此在王家桥流域如何开展水保工作是一个值得深思的问题。

According to observation data and the outcomes of artificial rainfall in Wangjiaqiao basin, based on erosion mechanics mechanism, two concepts of slope erosion and basin erosion are distinguished grimly and soil erosion models of slope and small watershed have been established. The calculative products of the models manifest that slope erosion is small and equated to 7.1%~11.7% of watershed erosion. It suggests that the erosion matter of the small watershed mainly comes from channel erosion and gravitation erosion, instead of slope erosion. Therefore it is a considerable problem how to carry on works of soil and water conservation in Wangjiaqiao small watershed.