某市1994～1998年交通意外伤害水平的变化趋势

Trend on traffic accident injuries in a city

[目的 ] 了解某市 1994～ 1998年交通意外伤害水平和变化趋势。 [方法 ] 对某市公安部门的 5年交通意外伤害统计资料进行流行病学分析 ,并比较不同年龄别的潜在减寿年数 (PYLL)。 [结果 ] 随着机动车保有量 ,年汽油消耗量的提高 ,该市交通事故发生率有增高趋势 ,但每年交通意外导致的死亡人数却维持在稳定的水平。驾驶员、乘车人、骑车人及行人中 ,男性死亡数和事故发生数均高于女性 ,受伤害对象主要为自行车骑车人及驾驶员。市区的交通意外伤害明显高于郊区 ,季节和月份变化趋势不明显。每小时交通意外伤害的发生数 ,在市区高峰出现在当天的 8:0 0～17:0 0 ,而死亡数趋势呈双峰分布 ,高峰位于 5 :0 0～ 8:0 0和 2 1:0 0～ 2 3 :0 0 ,而在郊区 ,两者的变化较平缓 ,集中趋势不明显。 [结论 ] 必须针对不同交通参与人员开展健康促进工作 ,加强危险时段和路段的安全管理 ,改善路况和交通设施 。

Objective To explore the trend on traffic accident injuries in a city. Methods Five-year traffic accident injuries data from traffic police bureau were analyzed by using epidemiological methods. Results With the increasing number of motor vehicles and consumption of gasoline, traffic accidence had appeared an increasing trend, but death from traffic accidents in this city still maintained a stable level. Most of the injured people were bicyclists and drivers. Male had more deaths and accidents than female. There were more traffic accidents in urban than in suburb, Accidents happened in every season and any months, with no significant fluctuating trend. In a day, the traffic accident had a single peak between 8:00 to 17:00. In urban, the death had a double-peak distribution, with peaks at 5:00 to 8:00 and 21:00 to 23:00. In suburb, there were no obvious time clustering. Conclusion In order to make efficient prevention and control on traffic accident injuries, we must pay more attention to health promotion of relative people, safety management in risky time and roads, as well as improvement of road and some traffic facilities.