论文化发展的辩证运动——超越文化普遍主义和文化特殊主义

Dialectical movement of cultural development——Transcending cultural universaliity and particularity

文化普遍主义和文化特殊主义的对立 ,是它们各自所代表的社会文化思潮及其所反映的特定的个人利益和民族国家利益的对立 ,因而具有物质和精神方面的侵犯性和自卫性。从文化个体生成论的角度来看 ,不同的文化都是处于不同社会发展水平和阶段之上的现实的人 ,在其历史文化传统和具体社会实践基础上进行各种建构过程的产物 ,它们之间的关系并不是彼此对立的你死我活的静止关系 ,而是前后递进、不断相互吸收和取长补短的生成发展关系。这种对于文化发展的辩证运动的理论视角 ,有利于我们扬弃文化普遍主义和文化特殊主义的对立 ,为全球化环境下的文化沟通和文化对话奠定科学的理论基础。

Contrast between cultural universality and particularity is the contrast between the cultural thoughts that they respectively represent and the contrast between specific individual and national interests. Therefore, it has the nature of physical and spiritual violation and self-defense. In the perspective of cultural individual formation theory, different cultures are the product when men in different levels and stages of social development carry out their construction work on the basis of historical and cultural tradition and specific social practice. They have a progressing and complementary relationship instead of a stable opposite one. This theory can help us eliminate the contrast and lay a scientific and theoretical foundation for cultural communications and dialogue in the global context.