从《二年律令》看与军功爵制有关的三个问题——《二年律令》与军功爵制研究之三

Three Problems of Granting Nobility by Military Distinction seen from Two-Year Statute

历史文献及此前公布的秦汉简牍,对官级与爵级的对比,军功爵制下的妇女地位,军功爵制如何继承问题,都没有具体的记载,《二年律令》补上了这几项空白。《二年律令》保存了二十级爵与官级逐级对比关系,有在军功爵制下"女子比其夫爵"的法律条文,有各级军功爵拥有者关于其嫡长子、嫡子和庶出众子对爵位继承的各种不同的继承规定。从以上三个问题中可以看出在吕后时期,军功爵制在政治、经济等方面还有实际价值,军功爵制在社会上还很受尊重。

There is no record, in historical documents and bamboo slips of Qin and Han dynasties, of the matching between military rank and nobility grade, the position of women under such a system, and how the titles were inherited. Two-Year Statute preserved 20 contrasts between nobility grade and military rank and laid down the rules of inheritance. From here we can see that in the period of Empress Lu, this system had practical value and was respected in society.