分布式单位线模型在流域产汇流中的应用初探

Explortation of Distributed Unit Hydrograph Mode to Rainfall-runoff

重点探讨在GIS支持下建立分布式单位线模型的方法和途径.以姜湾小流域为例,分析了姜湾流域的空间特性,如流向、坡度、理论流路图、流程的长度等,借助等流时线法推求流域的时间面积曲线(即S曲线),得出流域的分布式单位线,从而推算出流域的径流过程.经计算值与实测值对比分析,认为该模型有较好的模拟效果.该研究为GIS在产汇流中的应用提供了经验模式.

In this paper a distributed unit hydrograph model was built on the basis of GIS and applied in Jiangwan catchment. Such spatial characteristics as flow directions, slope, flow path in theory and flow length, were analyzed. And the time-area diagram, that is S diagram, was done by isochronal methods. So we can compute the direct runoff by the unit hydrograph methods. The model to simulate spatial hydrological processes over the Jiang-wan catchment was verified using the observed hydrograph. The model can well simulate the hydrological processes. It provides a new way to the application of GIS to rainfall-runoff.