复合类新型骨基质材料生物相容性研究

STUDY ON BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF A NEW EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX MATERIAL WITH TISSUE ENGINEERING METHODS

目的 评价一种新型无机 -有机复合类骨基质材料 (NBM)的生物相容性。 方法 应用组织培养技术对 NBM体外复合兔成骨细胞培养 1～ 14天 ,然后进行形态学观察、细胞增殖、细胞蛋白含量与碱性磷酸酶 (AL P)活性测定 ;对 NBM采用同种兔体内植入观察 2、4和 8周 ,通过倒置显微镜、扫描电镜及组织学观察其体内成骨情况。 结果 体外培养时 NBM对成骨细胞的体外增殖和 AL P的表达无明显抑制作用 ,成骨细胞与材料可良好黏附、增殖 ,并分泌大量细胞外基质成分 ;而细胞 -材料复合体肌内植入后 4周可见大量淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润 ,8周仍未见新生骨组织生成。 结论 NBM材料的体内外生物相容性差异可能与 NBM免疫原性有关 ,体内植入后引起宿主免疫反应 ,影响体内成骨。无机 -有机复合材料引起的移植免疫排斥反应应引起组织工程研究的注意。

Objective To evaluate the biocompatibility of a new bone matrix material (NBM) composed of both organic and inorganic materials for bone tissue engineering. Methods Osteoblasts combined with NBM in vitro were cultured. The morphological characteristics was observed; cell proliferation, protein content and basic alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity were measured. NBM combined with osteoblasts were implanted into the skeletal muscles of rabbits and the osteogenic potential of NBM was evaluated through contrast microscope, scanning electromicroscope and histological examination. Results In vitro osteoblasts could attach and proliferate well in the NBM, secreting lots of extracellular matrix; NBM did not cause the inhibition of proliferation and ALP activity of osteoblasts. While in vivo experiment of the NBM with osteoblasts showed that a large number of lymphacytes and phagocytes invading into the inner of the material in the rabbit skeletal muscle were seen after 4 weeks of implantation and that no new bone formation was observed after 8 weeks. Conclusion This biocompatibility difference between in vitro and in vivo may be due to the immunogenity of NBM which causes cellular immunoreaction so as to destroy the osteogenic environment. The immunoreaction between the host and the organic inorganic composite materials in tissue engineering should be paid more attention to.