考古发现与先秦易学

Archeological discoveries and Yi learning of the pre-Qin period

本文从考古发现的一些才料,考证了先秦易学的若干问题.认为,古贞与鼎同字,贞亦训“定”,鼎是“定命”的象征.殷墟卜辞“卜王”与《周易》卦辞中的“安贞”同义。卜辞中有“由王事”,即“从王事”。《周易》爻辞中有“从王事”.《周易》卦爻辞中屡言“我”,取象与“从王事”全同.卜辞中有神名“(虫虫)”,指太一神。包山楚简中有神名“二天子”,应是伏牺、神农。郭店楚简《成之闻之》中的“大帝”即为“易”.张家山汉简《盖庐》出现了“太极”的概念,是研究古代思想的珍贵资料。

On the basis of some archeological discoveries, this paper discusses some issues of Yi learning of the pre-Qin period, pointing out that ancient character of Zhen(贞) was the same character of Ding(鼎), the former can also be glossed as Ding (定, deciding) and the latter is a symbol for Ding-ming(定命, deciding destiny). The meaning of Bu-wang(卜王 ) carved in the oracular shells from the Yin ruins (ruins of the late Shang Dynasty) is synonymous with An-zhen(安贞) , the affiliated characters in Zhouyi. The oracular characters of You Wang shi (由王事) from the Yin ruins denotes the same meaning with Chong Wang shi (从王事) in Zhouyi. The images of the character of Wo (我) mentioned several times in Zhouyi are identical with those of the characters of Chong Wang shi. The God Hun mentioned in the oracular words from the Yin ruins refers to the Dod Tai yi (太一, Grand One). The God of Er Tian zi (二天子, double-sons of heaven) mentioned in the Chu bamboo slips excavated at Bao shan, should refer to Fu xi and Shen nong. Da chang (大常)in Cheng zhi Wen zhi copied on the Chu bamboo slips excavated at Guo dian, Hubei Province,refers to Yi (易). The concept of Taiji had come into being in the Han bamboo slips excavated at Zhang jia shan, being a valuable material for us to study ancient thoughts.