利用微型动物削减剩余污泥量的研究

Using microfauna to reduce excess sludge production

在污水的好氧生物处理过程中会产生大量的剩余污泥。污泥的浓缩、脱水、处理和处置需要花费大量的人力和物力 ,而且如果处置不当 ,很容易对环境造成二次污染。因此 ,最大限度减少剩余污泥的排放成为人们关注的问题。根据生态学的理论 ,加强微型动物对细菌的捕食作用 ,可使能量在从低营养级向高营养级传递过程中有一定的损失 ,同时污泥量得以减少。应用两段式生物反应器或者直接向曝气池中投加微型动物均可达到此目的。本文详细地介绍了这两种方法 ,讨论了各自的优点和不足 。

In aerobic wastewater treatment systems, large amounts of sludge are formed and the separation, dewatering, treatment and disposal of this sludge represent major investment and operating costs. If not being disposed properly, the sludge can cause second pollution to the environment. So the minimization of sludge yield has become of increasing importance. One way to reduce excess sludge production would be to maximize and encourage the growth of organisms higher in the food chain, which feed on bacteria. During energy transfer from a low trophic level to a high trophic level, due to inefficient biomass conversion, energy is lost and sludge is reduced. The two-stage bioreactor or direct inoculation of microfauna into the aeration tank can attain the goal. The advantages and disadvantages of them are discussed in this paper.