中国城市的多样化与专业化特征

The Characteristics of Specification and Diversification about Chinese Cities

本文采用专业化指数和多样化指数考察了中国主要城市的专业化和多样化特征。通过计算和回归,得到我国主要城市的相对专业化指数、相对多样化指数与城市的规模具有弱的相关性;按照城市的大小分类,分别计算了它们的相对专业化指数和相对多样化指数,得到小城市的专业化指数最高,多样化指数最低;将城市按照东部、中部和西部来分类,则中部城市的专业化程度最高,东部城市的多样化程度最高。文章的最后针对中国城市的专业化、多样化特征提出了相应的政策建议:第一,减少贸易壁垒,促进区域、城市之间的分工与合作;第二,加强基础设施建设,减少空间交易费用;第三,充分发挥大城市的集聚效应和规模经济效应,提高其多样化程度。

In this paper,relative-specialization index and relative-diversity index are used to investigate the degree of specialization and diversification of the main cities in China.According to calculation and regression,the relationship between relative-diversity index and cities scale are not especially significant;According to classification of cities scale,large cities have higher relative -specialization index and east area cities have higher relative -diversify indices.At last,the paper puts forward policy suggestion for regional exploitation:firstly,we should reduce trade obstacles and promote rational division of labor and cooperation among regions and cities;Secondly,we should enhance infrastructure construction and reduce spatial exchange cost;Thirdly,we should develop the scale economy effect of cities and enhance their diversify degree.