投放危险物质罪两个争议问题之重解

Reinterpretation of Two Issues on the Crime of Throwing Dangerous Substance

投放危险物质罪是危险犯,其本质在于通过投放毒害性、放射性等危险物质的方式危害公共安全;公共安全是指多数的人的生命、健康或者公私财产的安全。危险状态的存在意味着投放危险物质罪的构成要件齐备,从而构成既遂;否则,不足以成立既遂,根据情况,可能成立未遂或者预备、中止等形态;危险状态出现以后,即使行为人采取积极的措施消除这一危险状态,仍然属于危险犯的既遂,而这种既遂和实害犯的中止存在着法条竞合的关系。

The crime of throwing dangerous substance is a crime causing dangerous result. Its essence is to endanger public safety by means of throwing dangerous substance such as poisonous, radioactive things etc. Public safety refers to the safety of lives, health or public property of the majority. The existence of dangerous circumstances means the complete range of requisites to constitute the crime of throwing dangerous substance. Thus, completed offence has formed. Otherwise, we regard it as incompleted offence, preparatory stage or early termination. The crime still belongs to the completed offence even if the criminal managed to get rid of the dangerous circumstances by active measures after the danger had arisen.