大型灌渠增设阻螺设施防止钉螺扩散综合效益分析

ANALYSIS OF COMPREHENSIVE BENEFIT ON INSTALLATION OBSTRUCTED SNAILS IN LARGE IRRIGATION CANALS FOR PREVENTING SNAILS SPREADING

目的 评价垸内水网型血吸虫病流行区在大型灌渠上增设阻螺设施防止钉螺扩散的综合效益。方法 选择湖北省天门市石龙干渠上游兴建沉螺阻螺设施 ,并运用卫生经济学费用 -效益分析法进行螺情、病情等方面变化的综合效益分析。结果 兴建阻螺设施后 ,在灌区范围内 ,钉螺面积和居民感染率大幅度下降 ;未发生急性血吸虫感染和新晚期血吸虫病 (简称晚血 )病人 ;综合费用效益比为 1∶ 9.84 ,净效益比 8.84∶ 1。结论 兴建防螺扩散设施 ,阻断钉螺扩散途径 ,形成单元性强的灭螺小区进行治理是垸内水网型血吸虫病流行区控制钉螺减少发病的有效对策和措施。

Objective To evaluate the comprehensive benefit about the installation obstructed snails in large irrigation canals for preventing snails spreading in lake-swamp areas of schistosomiasis.Methods The installation obstructed snails was set up in upper reaches of main canal Shilong, Tianmen City Data of snails and schistosomiasis prevalance were collected and analysed. The comprehesive benefit was analysed with the cost-benefit methods of economic hygienics. Results After the installation obstructed snails was set up the snails areas and human infection rate decreased markedly. New patients with acute and advanced schistosomiasis were not found in the irrigation areas. The ratio of comprehesive cost-benefit was 1∶9.84,the ratio of net benefit was 8.84∶1. Conclusion Setting up the installation obstracted snails to cut off the way of snails spreading was the effective measure of control schistosomiasis in lake-swamp areas.