湖南省实施世界银行贷款血吸虫病控制项目9年效果分析

EFFECTIVENESS OF WORLD BANK LOAN SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL PROJECT IN 9 YEARS, IN HUNAN PROVINCE

目的 分析 1992 - 2 0 0 0年湖南省实施世界银行贷款血吸虫病控制项目的防治成果。方法 疫区以行政村为单位 ,按居民感染率分为高、中、低三层 ,针对不同的层次 ,相应地采用吡喹酮人、畜化疗为主 ,辅以健康教育及环改灭螺防治策略 ;每年选择 5 0个不同层次流行村为流动疾病监测点 ,进行疫情监测。结果 项目开始时全省 35个流行县 (市、区、农场 )、4 71个流行乡 ,至 2 0 0 0年 ,先后有 8个县 (农场 )达到了血吸虫病传播阻断标准 ;有 2 5个县、30 0个乡 (镇 )达到传播控制标准 ;高度流行村由 76 2个 ,减少到 2 71个 ,中度流行村由 172 8个 ,减少到 10 5 3个 ,低度流行村由 14 4 7个 ,增加到 2 716个 ;居民感染率由 11.5 9%下降至 5 .6 4 %。结论 项目的实施使湖南省血吸虫病疫情有较大幅度降低 ,取得了预期的防治效果。

Objective To analyse the effects of Word Bank Loan Schistosomiasis Control Project in Hunan Province from 1992 to 2000. Methods The administrative villages in Hunan endemic areas were divided into heavy, moderate and low zones respectively, based on human infection rates. Control strategies including a major approach of chemotherapy to inhabitants and bovines with praziquantel, complemented with health education as well as snail control by environment modification, were adopted in each endemic zone. Schistosomiasis prevalence surveillance was carried out in 50 moving pilots selected from endemic villages in each zone every year. Results At the beginning of the programm, there were total of 35 endemic counties (cities, districts, farms) and 471 endemic towns in Hunan Province. Up to 2000, 8 endemic counties (farms) reach the transmission interruption criteria, and 25 counties and 300 towns reach the transmission control criteria. Heavy endemic villages decreased from 762 to 271, while moderate endemic villages from 1728 to 1053, and low endemic villages increased from 1447 to 2716. Human infection rates dropped from 11.59% to 5.64%. Conclusion The schistosomiasis epidemic situation decreased obviously after implementing the project in Hunan Province.