史前城址与文明起源关系略论

On the Relations between Prehistorical Cities and Civilization Origins

城市的形成经历了一定的历史过程，中国城市始于史前的"城"。城市出现于"高级野蛮社会"，马克思提出的"真正的城市"、柴尔德提出的"城市革命"，是与国家和文明社会的产生密切相关的，可以看作文明起源的重要标志，而在此之前的早期城市是不宜单独用作文明起源的标志或因素的。要从史前城址探讨文明的孕育、起源及早期发展，一方面要弄清城址所反映的城市的性质和发展水平；另一方面，应将城址和其他的文明要素结合起来，寻求文明起源与早期发展的内在规律。

The forming of city has its historical process and Chinese cities begins from the prehistorical cities. Cities emerged from 'the high level savage society '. Karl Marx's view on 'the real city 'and Gorden Child's view on 'the city revolution ' are closely-related with forming of civilization society . So the kind of city can be seen as important mark of civilization origins , while the cities before that should not be used alone as the mark or factor of civilization origins . When studying the historical development of cities from the prehistorical cities, we should research the development level and look for the inside regularity by combining prehistorical city sites with other main factors of civilization .