新疆南疆绿洲区土壤风蚀现状及其防治

Wind Erosion Actuality and Countermeasures in Oases Area of Southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region

新疆南疆属于极端干旱生态脆弱带,土壤风蚀已严重制约着南疆绿洲农业的可持续发展。在分析了造成南疆绿洲区土壤风蚀主要因素的基础上,探讨了风蚀造成的危害,提出了保护、恢复与重建绿洲外缘的自然植被、加强绿洲内部防护林体系的建设、调整种植结构和进行农作物留茬覆盖等防治土壤风蚀的综合治理措施。

Southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is located in the inland desert region and has an extremely arid desert climate, with oases scattered in the interior of Gobi and sand desert. The ecological environment of the oases is very fragile. Owing to arid climate and human activity influences, the ecological environment in the oases has severely degraded in the past several decades. Water and soil loss, especially land desertification suffer severely from wind erosion has developed rapidly. Wind erosion has threatened the existence of the oases and the sustainable development of agriculture in the area. The main factors influencing the wind erosion are analyzed. Then, the main damages caused by it are pointed out. Finally, some effectives countermeasures are recommended to control wind erosion in the oases area.