近15年科尔沁沙地及其周围地区土地利用变化分析

Analysis of land use change in Horqin Sandy Land and its surrounding area during the past15years

利用2期土地利用图形数据对科尔沁沙地及其周围地区的土地利用变化进行分析发现:1985～2000年该地区耕地增加15.34%,林地增加2.48%,草地减少6.28%,水域减少7.72%,城乡工矿居民用地增加1.99%,未利用地减少4.04%;其中草地向耕地转化的面积最大,为4932.00km2,占全区土地利用变化总面积的63.85%,转化的空间分布呈现出向科尔沁沙地边沿及其外围扩展的态势。经相关分析及文献调研得知,人口增长和经济发展是研究地区耕地增加、进而导致系列土地利用变化的根本原因;此外,土地开发和生态环境保护等宏观政策也是影响区域土地利用变的重要人文驱动力。

Based on2times spatial data of Horqin Sandy Land and its surrounding area,land use change was analysed with the transformation matrix and the spatial layout of9important land use change forms from1985to2000.It was found out that the increase of cultivated land was one of the most important changes,which was mainly transformed from grassland,forestland,unused land,and water bodies as well.Especially,the area of grass land that was transformed to cultivated land was the largest,being4932.0km 2 or63.85%of the total transformed area,with the characteristic of expanding outwards from the rim of Horqin Sandy Land.In addition,water surface decreased by7.72%,which was crucial to the evolution of environment in the study area and more attention should be given in the future.Finally,after correlation evaluation and document investigation,it was clarified that the rapid growth of population and the economic development for survival were the main driving forces of land use change in Horqin Sandy Land and its surrounding area during the past15years.Furthermore,macro-policies such as land exploitation and ecological protection were also important human driving forces of land use change.