桥小脑角区小脑下前动脉的显微解剖

Microanatomy of the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery in Cerebellopintine Angle

目的 手术显微镜下观察研究桥小脑角区小脑下前动脉的显微解剖学。方法 采用经福尔马林固定、灌注蛛红明胶的成人尸头 2 2具 (共 4 4侧 ) ,在手术显微镜下解剖观察 ,并进行有关数据的统计学处理。结果 ① 2 2具尸头 4 4侧共发现小脑下前动脉 4 1支。从基底动脉下 1 3段发出者 34支 (占 82 .93% ) ;从基底动脉中 1 3段发出者 7支 (占 17.0 7% )。②小脑下前动脉起始段位于展神经根腹侧者 34支 (占 82 .93% ) ;位于展神经根背侧者 5支 (占 12 .19% ) ;穿展神经根丝者 2支 (占 4 .88% )。③小脑下前动脉与第Ⅶ和第Ⅷ对脑神经位置关系腹侧型者 16支 (占 37.84 % ) ;穿神经根型者 19支 (占 4 7.0 2 % ) ;桥袢型者 4支 (占 9.76 % ) ;远隔型者 2支 (占 4 .88% )。④小脑下前动脉形成的桥臂袢位于三叉神经根腹侧者 9个 (占 34.6 2 % ) ;位于三叉神经根腹外侧者 15个(占 5 7.6 9% ) ;位于三叉神经根背侧者 2个 (占 7.96 % )。结论 桥小脑角区小脑下前动脉与展神经、面神经、位听神经及三叉神经的解剖关系极其密切 。

Objective To investigate the microsurgical anatomy of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) in CPA.Methods The anterior inferior cerebellar artery were studied on 44 side of 22 adult head specimens with surgical microscope.Results ① There were 41 anterior inferior cerebellar arteries on 44 sides.The basilar artery can be divided into three equal segments from cranial to caudal.The number of AICA originating from the middle and inferior segment of the basilar artery were 34 and 77 respectively.② The number of AICAs which were posterior and medial to the abducent nerve were 34 and 5 respectively and 2 AICAs ran across the abducent nerve.③ Among 41 AICAs,16 were posterior to Ⅶ and Ⅷ and 19 ran across Ⅶ and Ⅷ.④The number of artery loops postolateral and posterior to the trigeminal nerve root were 15 and 9 respectively while only 2 artery loops were clorsal to the trigeminal nerve.Conclusion AICA is anatomically closely related to the abducent nerve,facial nerve,trigeminal nerve and vestibular nerve in CPA,which means nerves and blood vessels might compress each other ,leading to diseases.