上帝与永恒法——论基督教神学中的普遍主义传统

God and Eternal Law——On the Universalistic Tradition in Christian Theology

基督教是西方普遍主义传统的成熟形式。柏拉图主义、斯多葛主义和保罗的因信得救说 ,是基督教普遍主义的主要思想来源。一神论、上帝统治论、人人皆上帝儿女的观念、救赎论、至善论和唯实论等 ,是基督教普遍主义的主要表现。基督教普遍主义为突破狭隘的族群意识、确立普遍的人类意识开辟了道路 ,并为中世纪初、中期的政治统一和西方法治传统的形成做出了贡献 ;但也同时给基督教带来了两极化、不宽容。

Christianity is the mature form of the western universalistic tradition. Platonism, Stoicism and Paul's theory about salvation by faith, are the main thought source of Christian universalism. Christian universalism is mainly represented by the monotheism, the theory about God ruling, the idea about everyone all being God's children, the theory about salvation, the perfectionism and the realism. It opened up the road to breaking the narrow ethnic-group consciousness and to establishing the universal human consciousness, and made contribution to the political unification in the early and middle times of western Middle Ages, and to forming western tradition of rule of law. Meanwhile, however, it endued Christianity with the characteristics of polarization, intolerance, being fond of expansion and jihad.