Gemini表面活性剂的吸附、自聚和性质

Adsorption, Self-assembly and Properties of Gemini Surfactants

Gemini表面活性剂通常是由两 (或三 )条疏水链、两个亲水基和一个连接基组成的两性分(离 )子 ,与由单亲水基和单疏水基构成的单体表面活性剂分 (离 )子相比较 ,在临界胶团浓度、界面性质和溶解性等方面有着独特的性质。由于其电荷密度高 ,临界胶团浓度低 ,并且有很低的 Krafft点 ,能在低浓度下与高碳烷烃形成超低界面张力 ,在石油开发中有着很好的应用前景。详述了该类新型表活性剂的吸附、自聚、性质 。

The molecule (ion) of Gemini surfactant consists of two hydrophobic chains and two hydrophilic heads conjugated by a bridge unit. Compared with conventional mono-chain surfactant, Gemini surfactant demonstrates unique features in critical micelle concentration, interface property and solubility in water. Because of its high charge density, low CMC and low Krafft point, superlow interfacial tension is observed for its mixture with high carbon number paraffin at low concentration, demonstrating great potential in petroleum exploitation. Gemini surfactant is reviewed, including its adsorption, self-assembly and properties, and comparison is miade between mono-chain surfactant and Gemini surfactant.