微重力和模拟微重力对植物生长发育的影响

Influences of Microgravity and Simulated Microgravity on Plant Growth and Development

综述了目前有关采用空间飞行器及地基模拟回旋器在研究微重力和模拟微重力条件影响植物个体生长发育方面的研究进展 ,着重讨论了微重力和模拟微重力对植物内在生理生化特性的变化的影响 ,研究表明植物对微重力的应激反应首先是引起细胞内钙分布、浓度发生变化 ,并且以钙作为第二信使介导相关酶活性发生变化。指出今后的研究应着重于相关基因的差异表达及微重力改善陈种萌发活力、次生代谢产物积累。

How plants survive and adapt to microgravity environments is highlight problem in space biology. Research progress on influences of microgravity and simulated micrograviy on plant growth and development is reviewed. The advance in studies on physiological and biochemical characteristic changes in microgravity or simulated microgravity environments is specially discussed. Experment evidence shows that calcium concentration and distribution changed under microgravity stimulate and then Ca2+ as a second message in transmission related enzyme activity. It is pointed out that further researches should focus on difference express of involved genes and mechanism and applications in such fields as germination of aging seed , accumulation of secondary metabolite and protoplasm fusion under microgravity environments.