镁电池研究进展

Development of magnesium batteries

综述了镁电池的研究进展。从Mg电极在不同的电解质溶液中的电化学行为来看,Mg在醚类如四氢呋喃的格氏试剂溶液中能稳定存在,表面不会形成钝化膜,可以得到可逆的Mg的沉积和溶解。Mg/DNP(2,4 二硝基苯酚)电池可发生12个电子的多电子转移,因而与无机电极材料如MnO2、HgO、CuO和AgO相比,其能量密度很高(高达2Ah/g)。MA制备的Mg Co合金作为阳极的空气电池,平均放电电压2.2V,负极利用率可达93%,实际放电容量可达2050mAh/g。可充Mg/MgxMo3S4电池,它具有接近100%的阳极利用率和优异的电化学循环性能。研究表明有机镁电池具有良好的应用前景。

The development of magnesium batteries was reviewed. Mg was stable in ether such as tetrahydrofuran (THF). Reversible Mg deposition and dissolution were obtained in Grignard salt solutions (RMgX, X=halide, R=alkyl) in ethereal,irreversible formation of stable surface films on the Mg electrodes was avoided largely.In Mg/DNP cell, 2,4dinitrophenol underwent multielectron transfers of up to 12 during discharge, and hence, gave high specific energy (up to 2?Ah/g) in comparison with conventional inorganic battery depolarizers such as MnO2,HgO, CuO and AgO. There were many different systems of magnesium alloy air batteries,the one using Mg (Co) alloy made by MA (mechanical alloying) as anode had 93% negative electrode utilization rate. The rechargeable magnesium batteries, Mg/MgxMo3S4,had 100% ,and the discharge capacity could reach to 2?050mAh/g of the cathodes particle rates, and had good electrochemical recycle ability.Organic magnesium batteries were prospective in future.