注意力缺陷多动障碍与铅、镁的关系

Relationship between ADHD and lead,magnesium

目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD)儿童与铅、镁的关系 ,为根据环境病因制定进一步的个体化防治措施提供理论依据。方法 按照美国精神病学会出版的《精神障碍诊断及统计手册》第 4版 (简称DSM -IV)ADHD诊断标准确定病例组儿童 6 0名 ;按年龄、性别 1∶1匹配正常对照组儿童。采集末梢血及头发 ,应用原子吸收分光光度计石墨炉法及火焰法化验铅及镁含量。应用SAS6 12统计软件进行配对样本t检验及交互作用分析。结果 ADHD患儿血铅水平 (2 2 1μg/L)明显高于对照组儿童 (12 0 μg/L) ,P <0 0 0 1;血镁含量 (2 9mg/L)显著低于对照组儿童 (43mg/L) ,P <0 0 0 1;发镁含量 (15 μg/ g)显著低于对照组儿童 (2 2 μg/g) ,P <0 0 5。上述三因素对ADHD影响的交互作用分析显示 :血铅含量、血镁含量对ADHD的作用具有显著性意义 ;血铅与血镁 ,血镁与发镁交互作用也有显著性意义。结论 铅水平增高与镁缺乏均可促使ADHD的发病。交互作用分析则显示在ADHD的发病中血铅与血镁的作用互为拮抗。

Objective To find out the relations among lead,magnesium and ADHD and provide exoteric basis for further individual prevention and cure step.Methods Sixty ADHD cases were diagnosed by employing ADHD Behavior Screen with DSM-IV.The control group was confirmed according to 1∶1 matched case-control study design,then lead and magnesium in childrens distal blood and hair were collected and analyzed by atom-absorbed spectrophotometer(graphite stove and blaze method).Data was analyzed with SAS6.12 statistics software.Results In ADHD group,the contents of blood lead were higher( P <0 001),the contents of blood magnesium were lower( P <0 001),the contents of hair magnesium were lower( P <0 05) than control group.There was interactions between lead and magnesium in blood;between magnesium in blood and magnesium in hair.Conclusion Lead exposure and magnesium deficit helped to ADHD's occurrence.The interacting analysis of lead and magnesium in blood showed that they antagonized each other in ADHD's etiology.