建筑采光测量方法实验研究

Experimental Study of Architectural Daylight Measurement

采光系数和采光均匀度是评价建筑采光质量的重要指标。根据中国标准《采光测量方法》(GB/T 5699—2008)的相关规定,采光测量的天空条件应选择CIE标准全阴天空。但是,中国地域辽阔,各地光气候有很大区别,很难找到合适的天气条件进行采光测量。为了能在不同天气情况下进行采光测量,扩大其通用性,选择全阴天和全晴天时在同一地点、同一时间段对同一栋建筑实体模型的不同朝向(东南西北)分别进行采光测量,并将模型导入DIALux evo 6.1软件测试模拟。结果表明,全阴天和全晴天,采光口朝东向和北向的采光系数在10∶00—15∶00之间由高到低变化,西向和南向的采光系数则相反,数据在12∶00—13∶00之间产生交叉。全阴天北向的采光系数与软件模拟结果最为接近,其次为全晴天北向,全晴天东向和南向的偏差最大。天气和朝向对采光均匀度的影响均较小。

Daylight coefficient and daylight uniformity are important indexes to evaluate the quality of architectural daylight. According to the relevant provisions of the national standard 'daylight measurement method'GB/T 5699—2008,the sky condition for daylight measurement should select CIE standard overcast sky. However,China's vast territory and the daylight climate is very different,it is difficult to find right weather conditions for daylight measurement. In order to measure daylight under different weather conditions and enlarge the generality of GB/T 5699—2008,this article selects the overcast sky and the sunny sky in the same place,the same time period on the same building solid model in different orientation( east,south,west and north) for lighting measurement and tested simulation the model into the DIALux evo 6. 1 software. The results show that the daylight coefficients of the overcast sky and the sunny sky decrease between 10 ∶ 00—15 ∶ 00 in the east and north direction,and the daylight coefficients of the west and south direction is opposite,the daylight coefficients between 12 ∶ 00—13 ∶ 00 produce cross. The daylight coefficient of the north of overcast sky is closest to that of the software simulation,followed by the north of sunny sky,the east and the south of sunny sky are the most deviated. The effects of weather and orientation on the daylight uniformity are small.