基于心理和生理效应的公路隧道中间段照明——利用诱导照明装置(逆向反射材料)提高驾车安全性的研究

Research on Lighting of Middle Section of Highway Tunnel Based on Psychological and Physiological Effects : Improving Driving Safety by Using Induced Lighting Devices(Retroreflective Materials )

采用逆向反射材料作诱导照明装置的轮廓标是决定隧道环境亮度的主要因素,隧道路面亮度和轮廓标的高反射亮度对驾车者的心理和生理指标有一定的影响。选择某实验隧道,在不同照明工况和轮廓标亮度条件下,对驾车者的心理紧张度和心率变异性等指标进行了实测。以寻求照明环境与驾车者心理和生理变异的关系,从而获取隧道内路面亮度和环境亮度的最佳比值。同时,也证明了控制好轮廓标的反射亮度,无须增设辅助照明,便可降低由驾车者的紧张情绪而导致的安全隐患,具有安全和节能的意义。文中对所采用的实验仪器及软件系统、技术路线及实验方法等进行了介绍,并对大量实验数据进行了处理和分析,获得了初步的研究结果,为将心理及生理效应理论运用于公路隧道交通照明研究领域中作出了新的尝试,也为中国公路隧道照明设计标准的制定提供了参考依据。

Delineator, which uses retro-reflective materials as the induction lighting device, is the main factor that determines the brightness of tunnel environment. The brightness of tunnel road surface and the high reflective brightness of delineator have a certain influence on the psychological and physiological indexes of drivers. In the study, an experimental tunnel was selected and the psychological tension and heart rate variability of drivers were measured under different lighting conditions and delineator brightness conditions. In order to find out the relationship between lighting environment and driver’s psychological and physiological variation, so as to obtain the optimal ratio of road brightness R and environmental brightness E in the tunnel. At the same time, it also proves that controlling the reflection brightness of delineator can reduce the potential safety hazard caused by the driver’s psychological tension without adding auxiliary lighting, which has the significance of safety and energy saving. In this paper, the high-tech experimental instruments and software systems, technical routes and experimental methods used are introduced. A large number of experimental data were processed and analyzed, and preliminary research results were obtained. It makes a new attempt to apply psychological and physiological effect theory to the research field of road tunnel lighting, and also provides a reference for the formulation of lighting design standards for road tunnels in China.