高海拔地区胎盘早剥的超声诊断价值及临床分析

Clinical analysis and diagnostic value of ultrasound for placental abruption in high altitude area

目的研究高海拔地区胎盘早剥的发病率、诱发该病的高危因素及超声诊断价值,为早期采取有效措施预防及干预胎盘早剥措施提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析2018年1～9月昌都市人民医院临床确诊为胎盘早剥且产前均行超声检查的48例患者的临床资料,总结高海拔地区诱发胎盘早剥的主要高危因素。结果胎盘早剥的发生率为2.2%(48/2150);产前超声诊断胎盘早剥35例,诊断准确率为72.9%;重型胎盘早剥超声诊断准确率高于轻型胎盘早剥超声诊断准确率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高危因素主要为妊娠期高血压病(45.8%)和机械因素(25.0%)。结论高海拔地区妊娠期高血压病、机械因素是胎盘早剥发生的主要诱因;超声检查在该地区胎盘早剥诊断中具有重要的应用价值。

Objective To investigate the incidence,ultrasonographic diagnostic value and induced high risk of placental abruption in high altitude area,and to provide theoretical basis for effective intervention and prevention at early stage.Methods The clinical data of patients diagnosed as placental abruption who receiving prenatal ultrasound examination were selected in the People’s Hospital of Changdu,the ultrasonographic diagnostic value and induced high risk of placental abruption were analyzed.Results A total of 48 pregnant women were diagnosed as placental abruption and the incidence of placental abruption was 2.2%. 35 cases were diagnosed as placental abruption by prenatal ultrasonography,the diagnostic accuracy rate was 72.9%. The diagnostic accuracy of severe placental abruption by prenatal ultrasonography was significantly highe than that of mild placental abruption(P<0.01). The main induced risk factors were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy(45.8%)and mechanical factors(25.0%). Conclusion The main risk factors of placental abruption in high altitude area are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and mechanical factors. Ultrasound has important application value in the diagnosis of placental abruption in high altitude area.