腺样体肥大伴常年性鼻炎患儿的致敏原谱及临床特点分析

Analysis of sensitization spectrum and clinical features of children with adenoid hypertrophy and perennial rhinitis

目的:探讨腺样体肥大伴常年性鼻炎患儿的致敏原谱及临床特点。方法:纳入2017-07-2017-10期间在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院耳鼻咽喉科门诊及北京协和医院变态反应科门诊就诊的121例腺样体肥大伴常年性鼻炎患儿,采集病史进行鼻咽镜检查,检测特异性IgE,对患儿的致敏原谱及临床特点进行分析。结果:腺样体肥大伴变应性鼻炎(AR)患儿占64.5%,真菌致敏最常见,占AR患儿的78.2%,其中男童占67.2%,性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴AR的患儿镜下表现相对更严重,划分为4度者的比例更高,占镜下4度患儿总例数的75.0%,而无明确致敏原的患儿只占25.0%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:AR与腺样体肥大关系密切,应重视变应原对腺样体肥大患儿临床表现的影响。

Objective: To investigate the sensitization spectrum and clinical features of children with adenoid hypertrophy and perennial rhinitis. Method: A total of 121 children with adenoidal hypertrophy and perennial rhinitis were enrolled in the ENT Department of the Children’s Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics and the Allergy Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July to October in 2017. Nasopharyngoscopy was performed, and specific IgE were measured by blood sampling, and the sensitization spectrum and clinical characteristics of the children were analyzed. Result: Adenoid hypertrophy combined with allergic rhinitis accounted for 64.5% of the total, mold sensitization was the most common, accounting for 78.2% of allergic rhinitis patients, including boys accounted for 67.2%, gender differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Patients with allergic rhinitis had a more severe endoscopic appearance, with a higher proportion of 4 degree, accounting for 75.0% of the total number of children with 4 degree under the nasopharyngoscopy, and only 25.0% of children without defined allergens. There was a significant difference between this two groups(P<0.05). Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis is closely related to adenoid hypertrophy, and the effect of allergen on the clinical manifestations of patients with adenoid hypertrophy should be emphasized.