突发性聋不同分型的发病与季节及气温参数相关性分析

Correlation analysis of incidence,season and temperature parameters of different types of sudden deafness

目的:分析突发性聋(突聋)不同分型的发病与当日季节及气温参数的相关性。方法:对175例突聋患者,核实发病日期及地点,确定发病季节,并收集发病当日的各项气温参数,包括日最高气温(Tmax)、日最低气温(Tmin)、日平均气温(T)、日平均气温24h变温(ΔT)及气温日较差(Trange=Tmax—Tmin),分析季节及气温参数与突聋不同分型发病的相关性。结果:不同分型的突聋患者发病当日的气温日较差之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.001),全频下降型(包括平坦及全聋型)发病时气温日较差显著大于低频下降型(P=0.001)及高频下降型(P<0.05),突聋分型与气温日较差分组间有弱强度相关性(P=0.03,Cramer’s V=0.220)。气温日较差每增高1℃,平坦下降型突聋较低频、高频下降型发生的风险分别升高23.9%(1.089,1.409)和16.5%(1.018,1.333),全聋型突聋较低频、高频下降型发生的风险分别升高22.4%(1.079,1.389)和15.1%(1.007,1.314)。突聋患者夏季最多,但发病季节与突聋分型无明显相关性(P=0.666)。结论:突聋不同分型的发病可能与当日气温日较差存在相关性,与发病季节无关。

Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the onset of different types of sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)with temperature parameters and seasons.Method:We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 175 patients who were diagnosed as SSNHL,precisely collected the exact date and city of onset,confirmed the season,and obtained the meteorological data including maximum temperature(Tmax),minimum temperature(Tmin),mean temperature(T),day-to-day change of mean temperature(ΔT),and diurnal temperature range(Trange)at the same day,then analyzed the relation between season and temperature with the onset of different types of SSNHL.Result:There was a significant difference of Trange between different types of SSNHL(P=0.001).Trange on the onset date of all-frequency SSNHL(including flat and profound type)was significantly higher than low and high frequency descending type(P=0.001,P<0.05 respectively).Types of SSNHL had weak association with Trange groups(P=0.03,Cramer’s V=0.220).An increase of 1℃in Trange increased the risk of flat type SSNHL by 23.9%and 16.5%compared with low and high frequency descending type,respectively,and for profound type,the risk was increased by 22.4%and 15.1%.No significant differences were observed between seasons and SSNHL types(P=0.666).Conclusion:The incidence of different types of sudden sputum may be related to the worse temperature on the day,and has nothing to do with the disease season.