上颌单前牙因外伤延期种植与即刻种植对牙周组织健康程度及美学效果的影响

Influence of delayed planting and immediate planting of maxillary anterior teeth due to trauma for health and aesthetic effects in periodontal tissue

目的:对比分析上颌单前牙因外伤延期种植与即刻种植的临床效果。方法:将2015年1月～2016年5月接受上颌单前牙种植修复治疗的86例患者以随机数字表法分为A组43例行即刻种植,B组43例行延期种植,观察两组种植成功率及并发症发生情况,修复后不同阶段牙周组织健康程度和美学效果,以及患者主观满意度。结果:A、B组并发症发生率分别为6.98%、9.30%,种植成功率分别为97.67%、95.35%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组修复后1、3、6、12个月牙周袋深度与同期B组对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组修复后1、3、6、12个月PES评分与同期B组对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组患者对咀嚼功能、色泽、整体美观、附着高度的主观满意度——视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)分值与对照组(B组)对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:上颌单前牙即刻种植成功率及安全性与延期种植相当,但前者牙周组织健康程度及美学效果更为显著,且患者主观满意度更高,值得临床推广。

Objective:To compare the clinical application value of delayed planting and immediate planting of maxillary anterior teeth due to trauma.Methods:Eighty-six cases of patients who received maxillary anterior implant treatment from January 2015 to May 2016 were divided into two groups,that 43 cases in each group.The group A were underwent immediate implantation,while the group B were underwent delayed planting.Then,the success rate of implantation and the occurrence of complications,the degree of periodontal health and aesthetic effect at different stages after restoration,and the subjective satisfaction of patients of two groups were observed.Results:The incidence of complications in group A and B was 6.98%,9.30%,and the success rate of implantation was 97.67%and 95.35%respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The periodontal pocket depth and pink esthetic score(PES)after restoration for 1,3,6 and 12 months in group A were compared with group B in the same time,and the difference was statistically significant respectively(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the visual analogue scale(VAS)for masticatory function,color,overall aesthetics,and attachment height of patients between two groups respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion:The success rate and safety of immediate implant for maxillary anterior teeth are similar to that of delayed planting,but the periodontal health and aesthetic effects of the former are more significant,and the subjective satisfaction of the patients is higher,thus it is worth promoting.