佛教苦乐观背景下痛苦与其解除的心理学解读

Psychological explanations of suffering and its relieving under the viewpoints on hardship and happiness of Buddhism

佛教苦乐观可以说对近代西方哲学、心理学、社会学产生了重要影响。心理学领域更是如此。佛陀对世界和众生命运定性之一就是"苦"。本文以相关心理学知识为依托,以(1)比较佛教苦难思想和心理学相关理论及观点、(2)佛教思想的产生因素、(3)佛教苦难思想对主要心理学家、哲学家的影响为线索,围绕以下核心问题展开:(1)痛苦的来源、(2)痛苦的意义或者结果、(3)解除痛苦的途径和障碍等,并讨论了从中的启示。

The viewpoints on hardship and happiness of Buddhism has a major impact on modem western philosophy,psychology,and sociology,especially psychology.One of the qualitative concept of the fate of the world and all beings set by the Buddha is suffering.This article is based on the related knowledge of psychology,and the connecting thread is comparing the Buddhist suffering thought and the related psychological theories,the cause factors of Buddhist suffering and the effect of Buddhist suffering thought on modern philosophy and psychology,following those below core aspects: the source of suffering,suffering `s significance or result and the methods and obstacles to relieve sufferings,and then discuss the enlightenments.