后殖民时代下的生态危机——《耻》中殖民和生态的双层解读

Ecological crisis in postcolonial era:interpretation of Disgrace from the perspective of colonialism and ecocriticism

库切的代表作《耻》是一部典型的"后殖民"小说,其中的后殖民和种族元素一直备受关注。运用后殖民生态批评理论,从殖民和生态的双层视角解读这部小说,可以揭示殖民主义霸权对南非生态环境的影响。在后种族隔离时代,对土地的占有和剥削改变了人们对土地的文化态度,动物生存权受到威胁,民族矛盾加剧,社会角色的转换带来精神上的异化和扭曲。库切对南非的环境正义、族群正义和伦理正义表现出深深的忧虑。

Coetzee’s Disgrace is a typical postcolonial novel,postcolonial and racial elements attracting much attention. Em-ploying postcolonial-ecocritical theory and reading from the perspective of colonialism and ecocriticism,the influence of colonial hegemony and racial ideology on ecological environment in South Africa can be exposed. In post-apartheid era,people’s cultur-al attitude towards land changes because of land possession and exploitation,animals’rights are threatened,racial conflicts in-tensify and the change of social status brings about spiritual alienation and distortion. Coetzee shows great concern on environ-mental j ustice,ethnic j ustice and ethical j ustice.