浅析我国可变更、可撤销合同中变更权的法理基础

The jurisprudence basis of the alteration right in revocable and alterable contract

根据我国《合同法》的规定,意思表示存在效力瑕疵的合同不仅可撤销,还发生可变更的法律后果。受损方通过请求变更,得以在不破坏合同效力的基础上变更合同内容,得到更好的救济,因而在司法实践中变更权得到了广泛运用。然而这种排除相对人意思表示的救济方式无疑限制了相对人的缔约自由,从而对奉契约自由原则为圭臬的合同法理论造成冲击。那么此种非合意之变更正当性位于何处?本文欲从变更权背后,契约自由、公平原则与效率原则三者的价值冲突入手,分别探究不同情形下变更权的法理基础,并提出完善我国可变更、可撤销合同制度的建议。

According to Chinese contract law,contract faulty in declaration of will is not only revocable but also alterable.The loss party is entitled to appeal to alteration without invaliding the contract so that procure better remedy.The alteration right is commonly applied in juridical practice.However,remedy method which exclude the will of another party is obviously violate the freedom of contract,served as the criterion of contract law theory.The article is to explore the legitimacy of alteration right in different occasion in sight of conflict between principle of autonomy,equity and efficiency,thereby make some suggestions on improving the revocable and alterable contract system.