白马藏族野生药用及食用植物资源的调查研究

Research and investigation on wild medicinal and edible plants resources of Baima Tibetan

目的:通过对川甘交界处的四川九寨沟县以及甘肃文县地区的白马藏族野生药用及食用植物资源种类、利用现状进行调查研究,为教学、科研以及合理开发、综合利用当地资源奠定基础,同时,对当地民间经验植物一些传统而独到的用药方法进行了收集与归纳,为其深入的研究及推广提供新的思路与依据。方法:采用实地野外调查、关键人物访问、标本采集、室内分类鉴定、文献查阅结合层次分析法等方法。结果:共记录野生药用植物107种,隶属57科99属,根据药物指导理论体系的不同分为中药、民族药、民间药三种类型;野生食用植物45种,隶属28科34属,根据当地民间食用用途可分为野生果实、蔬菜两种主要类型。结论:当地野生药用及食用植物资源都较丰富,具有很大的开发利用价值,一些民间的传统用药经验及方法应传承和深入研究。

Objective: Through the research and investigation of the variety and utilization of wild medicinal and edible plants to lay the foundation for teaching, scientifi c research, appropriate exploitation and comprehensive utilization of resource in Baima Tibetan, Jiuzhaigou County in Sichuan and Wen County in Gansu. Through collecting and analyzing some traditional and specifi c medical uses of some traditional and specifi c medical usages of commonly used local plants to provide new ideas and basis for further study and application. Method: The methods of fi eld survey, key informant interview, sample collection, indoor classifi cation and identifi cation, literature review and analytic hierarchy process were used in the research. Result: 107 kinds of wild medicinal plants were recorded which belonged to 57 families and 99 genera and could also be divided into three categories, namely Chinese medicinal materials, ethnomedicine and folk medicine under the guidance of different theoretical systems of medicine. 45 kinds of wild edible plants were recorded which belonged to 28 families and 34 genera and could be divided into two main categories, namely wild fruits and vegetables according to local applications. Conclusion: There are rich resources of wild medicinal and edible plants with broad development and utilization prospects. Local experience and methods of using the medicinal plants should be carried forward and studied.