基于危害分析与关键点控制的职业卫生监管模式研究

Study on occupational health supervision model based on hazard analysis and critical point control

探讨职业卫生监管新模式,为提高职业卫生监管工作实效提供对策建议,通过将职业病产生作为风险结果,以避免职业病发生作为控制目标,采用关键点决策树方法分析和识别企业防控职业病风险关键控制点,并采用AHP法确定各控制点权重,运用模糊综合评判法建立企业职业病风险控制质量评判方法。基于危害分析与关键点控制思路,构建"教育增强意识,指导提升能力,执法督促落实"三位一体职业卫生监管模式。采用关键控制监管模式,监管措施更有针对性和实效性,更能有效消除或降低企业职业病风险,是一种切合职业卫生监管工作实际的监管模式。

In order to enhance working effectiveness of occupational health supervision,a new model is explored and some suggestions are proposed. Taking occupational diseases induction as the risk,and avoidance of occupational diseases induction as control objective,the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point theory is introduced to analyze and identify critical control points of occupational- disease prevention and control,the weights of control points is obtained through the AHP method,and the evaluation method for risk control quality of occupational health is established. A three in one supervision model of enhancing awareness by training,improving ability through guidance,and urging implement by law enforcement is created based on the hazard analysis and critical point control theory. The supervision model mentioned above is a practical model which makes supervision more targeted and effective,and eliminates or reduces enterprises' risk of occupational diseases induction.