被忽视的真实期待:城镇化进程中农民工自我雇佣行为考察

The Neglected True Expectations:Research on the Rural Migrants’ Behavior of Choosing Self-employment in the Framework of Urbanization

本文首次尝试在城镇化的框架下探讨当前我国城镇劳动力市场上广泛存在但又被长期忽视的农民工自我雇佣现象,试图对自我雇佣农民工的城镇化问题展开系统讨论。研究发现,自我雇佣农民工是当前我国城镇劳动力市场上一个非常活跃的就业群体,他们通过自负盈亏的经营活动获得了更高的市场报酬,拥有显著的收入优势;且与受雇就业的农民工相比,从事自我雇佣活动的农民工表现出了更为强烈的城镇化意愿,同时也更有可能做出实际的城镇化行为。上述结论意味着,自我雇佣农民工是最有可能实现城镇化的群体之一,但现行政策并未将该群体纳入计划之中,因此,准确识别并解决有条件的自我雇佣农民工率先实现市民化,理应成为未来我国推进新型城镇化建设的政策目标。

This paper attempts to explore the rural migrant’s behavior of choosing the self-employment in the framework of Urbanization which is widespread but long neglected. We found that self-employed migrants is a very active employment group in the urban labor market, they get a higher return on the market through self-financing business activities. At the same time, compared with employed migrants, the self-employed migrants show a stronger desire for urbanization, and they are more likely to make practical urbanization. The conclusion implies that the self-employed migrants is the most likely to become citizens, but the current policy did not bring them into the plan. Therefore, how to accurately identify and solve the qualified self-employed migrants to become citizens should be the policy goal in the future.