基层治理视域下精准扶贫的“最后一公里”

The “Last Kilometer” of Targeted Poverty Alleviation from the Perspective of Basic-level Governance

精准扶贫与基层治理存在着强关联性。从基层治理的视角考察精准扶贫的"最后一公里"问题,必须对目前农村面临的现状,如城乡差距问题、农村土地问题、农村经济的生产合作问题,尤其是农村基层政权建设问题等有一个清醒的认识。将扶贫的政府资源配置下移到乡镇一级,扶贫工作的主体责任及其一线指挥机构设于乡镇,借助强镇扩权以推进城镇建设,是精准扶贫实践中改进基层治理机制,发挥基层政权组织主体功能的有效突破口。贫困地区农村基层政权组织应以组织生产和组织脱贫为重要职责,以扶持农村产业发展为工作重心,加强新型城镇化建设,创造就业岗位。同时,应根据地方基层政府扶贫工作的实践需要,设计和构建更为专业的扶贫机制,这些都是"县—乡—村"基层治理场域中打通精准扶贫"最后一公里"的重要策略和必要路径。

Targeted poverty alleviation correlates tightly with basic-level governance.To examine the'last kilometer'of targeted poverty alleviation from the perspective of basic-level governance,we must figure out the current situation of rural areas,such as urban-rural development gap,rural land issues,rural economic production cooperation and especially the rural basic-level political power construction.Some strategies should be adopted to effectively improve basic-level governance mechanism and give full play to the main function of the basic-level political power.The right of poverty alleviation resource allocation shall be granted to the township level and the towns should take on the main responsibilities and act as the authorities of poverty alleviation,and the power of towns shall be strengthened to promote urban construction.In impoverished areas,the basic-level political power should fulfill the responsibilities of organizing production and poverty alleviation and focus on rural industrial development to construct new-type urbanization and create employment opportunities.Meanwhile,a more professional poverty alleviation mechanism should be designed and built based on the practical needs of poverty alleviation of local basic-level governments.These are significant strategies and necessary paths for breaking through the'last kilometer'in achieving targeted poverty alleviation in the'county-township-village'basic-level management.