农村绿色发展的政策文本分析与政策绩效实证

Textual Analysis and Empirical Performance Analysis of Rural Green Development Policies

"三农"问题是关系国计民生的根本性问题。改革开放40年来,我国积极探索农村资源节约、环境友好型发展方式,促进农村走现代化绿色发展道路。本文以1982-2018年发布的20个中央一号文件为研究对象,运用政策文本量化的方法,对中央一号文件中的农村发展政策进行文本内容分析、政策工具量化分析,探究农村绿色发展政策的演进规律与特征;通过耦合协调模型实证评价农村绿色发展政策的实践绩效。研究表明:绿色发展理念转化为农村绿色发展政策并非一蹴而就,呈现出由相互分离到紧密结合的趋势;政策工具方面,绿色发展政策主要通过生态工程建设、生态补偿展开,对特色农产品市场、品牌的建设力度较小;农村绿色发展政策的实施,特别注重处理好农村经济发展与生态环境保护的关系,显著促进了两者的良性协调发展。

The Three Rural Issues are fundamental for national economy and people’s livelihood.In the past40 years of Reform and Opening-up,China has been exploring rural resource-saving and environment-friendly development and promoting green development and modernization in rural areas.Taking 20 No.1 Central Documents issued from 1982 to 2018 as the research object,this paper explores the evolution and characteristics of rural green development policies by adopting the textual quantitative analysis method to conduct comprehensive text analysis and quantitative analysis of policy tools on rural development policies of the No.1 Central Document.It also evaluates empirically the practical performance of the policies through a coupled coordination model.The findings show that the transformation of the green development concept into the rural green development policies did not happen immediately,instead,there was a trend from separation to combination of the both;in terms of policy tools,the policies are mainly practiced through ecological engineering construction and ecological compensation,while the strength in building featured agricultural product markets and brands are weaker;and in implementing the policies,special emphasis has been put on the relationship between rural economic development and ecological environmental protection,which have significantly promoted the sound and harmonious development of the both.