陇东方言的声调系统

The Tone System of Longdong Dialect

陇东地区的10多个县区的方言都是阴平、阳平、上声、去声四个单字调。古汉语平上去在这一带方言里的分化跟普通话差不多,而古汉语入声字除了全浊入声归阳平以外,其余入声字归阴平。平凉一带的连读变调跟关中方言区宝鸡一带差不多。庆阳一带的连读变调最典型的是阴平字常常变作上声,这种语感跟关中方言不太一致。而环县方言的阴平字常常变作53调值,属于本无其调的变调,这也是受庆阳一带阴平字常常变作上声(53调值)影响的结果。

The survey shows that dialects in more than ten counties in Longdong area all have four monosyllabic tones:the high and level tone , the rising tone , the falling-rising tone , and the falling tone .The polarization of the flat-up-tone of ancient Chinese in this area is similar to that of Mandarin .Characters of in ancient Chinese can be classified as the rising tone .All the remaining voiced entering tone characters can be classified into the high and level tone .The sound links and tonal modification in dialects in Pingliang area are similar to those in Baoji .The typ-ical feature of sound links and tonal modification in dialects in Qingyang area is of high and level tone often changed into the rising tone .This linguistic sense is different from that in Guanzhong area .Characters of high and level tone in dialects in Huanxian County are often adjusted to tone pitch 53 .This is the result of the influence of dialects in Qingyang area in which characters of high and level tone are often turned into the rising tone (tone pitch 53).