英国早期能源国有化问题研究综述

A Review of the Researches on the Early Energy Nationalization in Britain

国有化问题一直以来是英国政治、经济领域的重要研究问题,其中能源行业作为国有化政策的重要组成部分发挥着巨大作用。能源国有化包括煤炭、电力和煤气的国有化。自20世纪初至艾德礼政府上台,英国能源国有化经历了萌芽、发展和高潮三个阶段。文章通过对国内外专著的概要性简述,梳理不同阶段的英国能源国有化政策的进展,介绍此三个阶段能源国有化发展的状况。由此对英国能源国有化政策有一个综合性的客观认识。

The nationalization has been the important research issue in the field of politics and economy in the UK.And as a major component part of the nationalization policy, the energy industry plays a key role in the re-form.The energy nationalization involves coal, electricity and gas.Since the beginning of the 20th century to the Attlee government came to power, the energy nationalization of the country has experienced three stages of the ger-mination, the development and the climax.Based on the brief review of the books published at home and abroad a-bout the implementing of the energy nationalization policy, this article works out the development of the reform of the three stages.It hopes to give a comprehensive objective description of the policy of that country.