不同生态类型土壤养分与微生物数量相关关系研究

Research on relationships between Soil Microbes and Soil Nutrients under different soil use patterns

研究了陇东黄土高原沟壑区温室大棚土壤、露天农耕土壤、林地和草地土壤等4种不同生境下土壤养分与微生物数量的相关关系。结果表明,不同类型土壤养分、微生物数量和组成均有明显的差异。温室大棚土壤中,有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷含量均为最高,而草地土壤中的有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮均最低。草地土壤微生物数量显著低于温室大棚土壤,微生物组成亦较露天耕地和温室大棚土壤简单。土壤细菌与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷及碱解氮含量显著相关(P <0. 05);土壤放线菌与土壤全磷、全氮、有机质及速效磷含量显著相关(P <0. 05)。可见,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷是影响土壤细菌与放线菌数量的重要养分因子。土壤细菌与放线菌数量可以作为本地区土壤肥力的重要参考指标。

This study focused on the relationships between soil microbes and soil nutrients under 4 different soil use patterns,greenhouse soil,farming soil,forest land and grassland in Longdong area of Loess Plateau.The results show that:The soil nutrient and fertility varied in the 4 types of soil use patterns.The organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen,available phosphorus content in Greenhouse soil,were the highest,while the organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen in the grass soil were the lowest.The microbes quantity and composition in different types of soil were obviously different Microbial quantity in grassland soil which were significantly lower than that in the greenhouse soil,microbial composition in meadow soil was also more simple than that in the farmland and greenhouses.The quantity of soil bacteria were significantly(P<0.05)associated with the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and available nitrogen content;soil actinomycetes quantity were significantly(P<0.05)associated with soil total phosphorus,total nitrogen,soil organic matter and available phosphorus content.Soil organic matter,total phosphorus,total nitrogen had high influence on the quantity and composition of soil bacteria and actinomycetes.The quantity of Soil bacteria and actinomycetes can be used as important reference index of soil fertility.