寓言与神话在《庄子》散文中的融合

The Fusion of Fables and Myths in the Prose of Zhuangzi

《庄子》散文中寓言与神话的融合是其特有的艺术魅力。这种创作方式的形成既是当时时代大环境的影响也是作者个人的创造性探索结果。《庄子》散文中的寓言大致可分为具有神话性质的寓言、现实类寓言、伪寓言三种类型。《庄子》寓言在战国时代背景之下和其他诸子百家一同寻找适合自己的最贴合的说理方式,创造性的把寓言和神话相融合进行个人的哲学表达。《庄子》寓言借用丰富的神话素材,运用象征文化和隐喻思维的方式完成了对神话的借鉴和改造,从意识、语言、符号对神话内容进行应用,维系了与神话相同的崇拜渊源,继承了神话的构建原则。庄子对神话通过寓言式处理形成自己的叙事推理方式,将历史、现实引入神话再融入寓言,拓展了寓言说理的空间。

The fusion of fables and myths in the prose of Zhuangzi is the unique artistic charm of the work.The formation of the creative mode is not only the result of the influence of the great environment of the time but also the author’s personal creative exploration.The fables in Zhuangzi can be roughly divided into three types:fables with realism,real fables,and pseudo-fables.Under the background of the Warring States period,the Fables of Zhuangzi and other families have found the most suitable way of reasoning for themselves,creatively combining fables and myths into personal philosophical expressions.The Fables of Zhuangzi borrowed rich mythological materials,used symbolic culture and metaphorical thinking to complete the reference and transformation of myths,applied mythological content from consciousness,language and symbols,and maintained the same source of worship as mythology.The construction principles were inherited.Zhuangzi formed his own narrative reasoning method through allegorical processing,and introduced history and reality into myths and then into the fables,expanding the space of fables and reasoning.